石雷鹏30个功能句
功能句1：自我介绍（写给陌生人）
作为一名非常喜欢在图书馆看书的本校大四学生，我……
As a senior (student) at this university who is particularyly fond of reading in the library, I …
我是来自中国的留学生李明，将在贵国学习。
I am Li Ming, an international student from China who will study in your country.
I am an international student from China, Li Ming, who will study in your country.
同位语：人 = 身份；物 = 性质
功能句2：寒暄（写给熟人）
我很高兴回想起在贵杂志担任编辑的这两个月。
I am very pleased to recall the past two months when I worked as an editor for your magazine.
very = quite / particularyly / exceedingly / much / pretty
pleased = excited / delighted / happy / glad
非常高兴回想起去年我们班成功举办的首次慈善义卖活动。
It’s so great to recall the first successful charity sale (which was) held by our class.
功能句3：目的（写信/通知）
我写信来是想为改进这里（图书馆）的服务提一些建议。
to do … = for the purpose of + ving
I am writing for the purpose of making suggestions for improving the service here.
本通知旨在招募25名志愿者。
This notice is for the purpose of recruiting 25 volunteers.
This drawing/chart/essay is for the purpose of displaying …
……人们通常会携带礼物走亲访友，以表达祝福
People tend to purchase gifts to visit relatives and friends for the purpose of expressing their wish.
功能句4：建议/要求
我建议你应该申请培训机构的英语教学岗位
you should = you are suppposed to … = it is advisable for you to … = it is of great necessity for you to …
I suggest that you (should) apply for a position of English teaching in training organizations.
I deem that it is advisable for you to apply for a position of English teaching in training organizations.
你们（图书馆）应该延长阅览室的开放时间，让他们在此学习。
It will be beneficial to extend/prolong the opeing hours of (the) reading rooms so that they can study here.
而且，家长应该给孩子提供独立成长的自由和机会。
Furthermore, it is advisable for parents to give their kids freedom and opportunities to grow independently.
provide sb. with sth.
provide sth. for sb.
Furthermore / In addition / Besides / What is more / Additionally
因此，中国汽车制造商应该更关注国内市场，因为其潜力巨大。
As a result / Thus / Hence / Therefore / Accordingly /So, Chinese car manufacturers/maker/producers are supposed to focus more on the domestic market, because of its the huge potential.
because of/due to/owing to
同时，他们有必要制动综合性的策略来提升汽车的质量和售后服务.
Meanwhile, it is exceedingly necessary for them to work out comprehensive strategies to enhance the quality of cars and the after-sales service.
exceedingly necessary = essential
功能句5：展望未来
如果他们竭尽全力，手机产业的明天将会一片光明。
If they do their utmost (to do so), the future of the mobile phone industry will be hopefull/promising/brilliant.
do their utmost / try their best / make every effort
功能句6：表达感谢或不满
我想说，非常感谢你们的辛勤工作。
be grateful / indebted / obliged to sb. for sth.
I want to say that I am quite grateful to you for your hard work.
我对你们的产品质量感到非常失望。
be disappointed with …
I am rather disappointed with the quality of your products.
功能句7：表达期待
be looking forward to + n./doing
我期待您的肯定回复。
I am looking forward to your favorable reply.(at your earliest convenience / as soon as possible)
我真诚希望您能参加此次比赛。
I sincerely hope/expect that you can participate in this contest.
participate in / take part in / attend
功能句8：值得去做/关注
be worth + doing/n.
这部电影非常值得一看，有两个原因。
This movie is particularly worth watching for two reasons.
这两幅图特别值得关注，因为它们揭示了父母在孩子教育中所承担的角色。
These two pictures are particularly worth attention for the reason that they reveal the role of parents in their children’s education.
reveal how parents should educate their children.
for the reason that = because
功能句9：引出原因
是什么导致了以上差异？在我看来，至少有两个原因可以解释这种现象。
What resulted in the differences above? To my understanding, there are at least two reasons accounting for this phenomenon.
account for 解释…
To my understanding / From my perspective / In my view
功能句10：原因/重大意义（强调句）
正是你们尽心尽力的工作使得我们在这里享受到了良好的学习氛围。
positive atmosphere
It is your devoted work that enables us to enjoy a positive atmosphere of learning here.
enables 主语 是 work，故单三
正是他们的悲观心态导致他们看不到希望，看不到机会，也看不懂改变的可能。
It is their pessimistic attitude that causes them not to see any hope, opportunity or possibility of change.
cause…not to 导致sb.不能sth.
功能句11：原因（只关注……，忽视了……）
这种趋势很值得关注，因为这些人只关心虚拟世界，却忽视了现实生活。
This trend/phenomenon/fact/tendency is particularly worth attention for the reason that they focus only on the virtual world, ignoring/neglecting/overlooking the real life.
两个动作同时发生，一个作谓语动词，一个v-ing形式作伴随状语。
功能句12：典型特征（+结果）
（应用文）大学生活的典型特征在于丰富多彩的活动。
be characterized by / be marked by / featured with
College life is characterized by a rich variety of activities.
a rich variety of / various / diverse / all kinds of
成功人士的典型特征在于他们身上的各种优秀品质，包括勤奋、乐观、自信、持之以恒以及意志坚强。
Successful people/figures/individuals/celebrities are marked by their diverse excellent qualities, including diligence, optimism, confidence, perseverance and a strong will.
一方面，近年来，发展中国家的典型特征在于其经济的蓬勃发展，这使得当地居民有了额外的钱来购买手机
For on thing, in recent years, developing countries were characterized by the economic boom and prosperity, which enabled the local residents/people/citizens to possess/have/own/gain additional/extra/more money to purchase mobile phones.
功能句13：对比
（应用文）与学生们的需求相比，书的种类和数量是不足的。
Compared with students’ study demands, the variety/types/kinds/categories and number/quantity of books are not adequate/enough/ample/sufficient.
另一方面，与过去相比，中日关系变得更糟糕。因此，更多中国居民不再购买包括汽车在内的日本产品。
For another, compared with the past years, the relationship between China and Japan became worse. Thus, a host of Chinese residents did not purchase Japanese products, including cars.
功能句14：积极意义（排比）
（应用文）实践和勤奋会带给你灵感，唤起你对学习的热情，并帮助你每天进步。
Pratice and diligence will bring you experience and inspiration, evoke/arouse/inspire your passion/enthusiasm/love for learning, and help you make progress every day.
（图画作文）我坚信持之以恒的精神总能带给我力量，唤起我对未来的热情，帮助我克服很多困难。
I am firmly convinced that perseverance will always bring my power, inspire my enthusiasm for the future, and help me (to) conquer/overcome so many hardships/difficulties/setbacks/adversities.
（图表作文）出国留学带给年轻人更多机会，唤起他们对外国文化的热情，并帮助他们开阔视野。
Studying abroad can bring young people more opportunities, arouse their passion for foreign cultures, and help them broaden their horizens.
功能句15：事件背景
（应用文）典礼定于6月26日上午9:00在学生活动中心开始，将持续2小时。
The ceremony is scheduled to begin/start at 9:00 on June 26 at the Center for/of Student Activities and last for approximately 2 hours.
（应用文）有关全球化的国际会议将在我校举办。
An international conference on globalization is scheduled to be held at/in our university.
功能句16：说明自己忙碌
您是知道的，在过去的这半年中，我非常忙碌，因为我把所有的时间都投入到了研究生入学考试的准备上。
As you know, during/in/over the past half year, I was very/particulary/exceedingly/quite/much/extremely busy, because/since/as I focused all my time on the preparation for the national entrance examination for postgraduate studies.
功能句17：个人观点
作为一名正在准备研究生入学考试的大四学生，我坚信持之以恒的精神总会带给我力量。
I think that… = I deem/suppose/reckon/hold that… = I am convinced that… = I cling to the idea that
As a senior (student) who is preparing for the national entrance examination for postgraduate studies, I firmly hold that perseverance will always bring me power.
作为一名年轻人，我喜欢在城市工作、在乡村生活，因为……
I, as a youngster, like/prefer/love working in the urban and living in the rural because…
功能句18：概述图画/材料
这是一张简单但具有启发性的图画，生动展示了存在于……之中的一个普遍现象。
This is a simple but enlightening cartoon/drawing/picture which vividly illustrates a common phenomenon among …
这是一篇简单但具有启发性的文章节选，作者在文中指出……
This is a simple but enlightening excerpt of an article/essay, in which the author points out that …
功能句19：图画细节
时间—地点—人/物—行为—伴随
在通往高山顶的路上，有一个年轻人正坐着休息，并叹气道：“累了！我不爬了。”
On a journey/way/path/pathway to a high mountain, there is a youngster, sitting for a rest and sighing, “I am to tired to climb.”
四个年轻人坐在一张餐桌旁，正盯着自己的智能手机，美食丝毫未动。
Beside a table, there are four youngsters, sitting there and staring at their smart phones, with tasty/delicious food uneaten.
with + n. + doing/v-ed/介词短语 表身上或周围的事物
Beside a table sit four youngsters, staring at their smart phones, with tasty food uneaten. 全倒装
功能句20：对比反差/引出观点
尽管他们是为了增进友谊而聚餐，但这些人彼此之间几乎没有交流。
Although they gather to enhance the friendship, these guys/people/individuals scarcely chat with each ohter.
scarcely ad.几乎不
虽然我没有孩子，但我完全同意作者的观点。
Although I have no kid, I agree with the author’s opinion completely.
I cannot agree more with the author.
功能句21：文字说明
我们还能注意到图画下面的两个汉字，写的是“途中”
Two Chinese characters can be noticed below the cartoon, which say/read “on the journey”.
功能句22：概述图表
这是一个柱状图，清晰展示了2008年到2009年中、美、日系汽车品牌在中国汽车市场份额的明显变化。
This is a colum chart that/which clearly illustrates the dramatic changes in the market shares of domestic, American and Japanese cars in China from 2008 to 2009.
功能句23：数据上升
在此期间，中国品牌的份额明显上升，达到约33%。相比之下，日系品牌的销量呈急剧下降趋势，从35%将至26%。同时，美系品牌的占比稳定在12%。
During this period, the share of domestic brands ascended/increased remarkably, reaching about/approximately/proximately 33%. By contrast, sales of Japanese brands showed a sharp decline/decrease/fall, from 35% to 26%. Meanwhile, the percentage/proportion of American brands remained/maintained/kept stable at 12%.
功能句24：占比排序
总体上，大四学生兼职比例最高，达到了88.24%;紧随其后的是大三和大二学生，分别占比71.93%和71.13%;排在最后的事大一学生，占67.77%。
Overall, 88.24% of seniors do part-time jobs, which is the largest proportion.
Overall, seniors have the largest proportion of part-time job takers, at/with/accounting for 88.24%. The next are juniors and sophomores, at/with 71.93% and 71.13% respectively. Finally come freshman 67.77%.全倒装
总体上，新年礼物的花销占最大比重，达到40%。其次是交通和聚餐费用，均占20%。最后是其他花销的总和，为20%。
Overall, the expense on New Year gifts is the largest proportion, accounting for 40%. The next is the expenditure/spending on transportation and gathering dinners, with the same 20%. Finally comes the total spending on others, at/with 20%.
功能句25：图画/图表联系主旨
显然，这幅图能让人联想到面对逆境时两种截然不同的态度
This drawing, apparently, can be associated with two distinct attitudes in face of adversities/setbacks/hardships/difficulties/troubles.
这样的数据能让人联想到中国汽车市场的激烈竞争.
Such statistics can be associated with the firece competition in China’s car market.
功能句26：普遍现象
然而，在现实生活中，很多年轻人在追求成功的过程中，往往一遇到挑战便会放弃，
However, in reality, a host of young people tend to give up when they encounter challenges during their pursuit of success.
a large number of / a sea of / a great many
功能句27：危害
事实上，“放弃”这种想法可能会构成一种障碍，阻碍着很多人在工作、生活和学习中的进步和成长。
In fact, the thought of “giving up” may constitute/become an obstacle that/which hinders many people’s growth and progress in work, life and study.
功能句28：观点+比喻
在我看来，坚持可以被比作一条通往成功的道路。
To my understanding / From my point of view / In my view
To my understanding, persistence can be likened to a road leading to success. / which leads to success.
在我看来，自信可以被看作一把钥匙，打开通往光明未来的大门。
Condifence, to my understanding, can be seen as a key which unlocks the gate to a promising future.
功能句29：号召
因此，每个人都应该牢记：永不放弃，你的梦想终会实现。
Thus, everyone should bear in mind that “Never give up. You will eventually realize your dream.”
整个社会应该营造一种积极氛围，以倡导公共美德。
Society as a whole should foster a positive atmosphere to advocate and promote public virtues.
to do = of + doing
功能句30：举例/列举（在其他功能句后详述）
一个典型例子就是我自己。
A case in point is me. = A typical example is me.
我们应该利用现代科技产品，包括网络、手机、电视以及电脑。
We should = We are supposed to = It is advisable for us to =
It is exceedingly necessary for us to utilize modern technological products, including/such as the Internet, the cell phone, TV and computers.